100 years ago - November 7 (October 25 to Art style.) 1917 - under the leadership of the Bolshevik Party, led by Vladimir Ilich Lenin perfected Great October Socialist Revolution. The working class, the working masses of Russia have taken power into their own hands.
October Socialist Revolution was a natural result of the entire preceding development of Russia and the entire world historical process. At the turn of the XIX - early XX century, capitalism entered its highest and last stage of development - the stage of imperialism.
Imperialist world war has brought to the proletariat, the working people all over the world untold hardships. On the fronts of the war, millions of soldiers have been killed, tens of millions have been maimed. Hundreds of millions of workers suffer from hunger and deprivation in the rear. Agriculture howling many countries were ruined.
By the beginning of 1917 an acute political crisis in Russia, which led to the February bourgeois-democratic revolution and the overthrow of the autocracy.
However, after the overthrow of the autocracy, the Mensheviks and SRs, who seized the deputy seats in the Council, gave power to the bourgeoisie, which formed a counter-revolutionary Provisional Government. The activities of the Government, supported by the compromising parties, was aimed at curtailing the revolution, the elimination of the gains of the people, for the continuation of the imperialist war.
This period of the history of Russia is characterized by dual power: on the one hand - the bourgeois Provisional Government, on the other - the Soviets of Workers 'and Soldiers' Deputies as organs of revolutionary-democratic dictatorship of the working class and the peasantry. The Mensheviks and SRs, fraudulently seized the leadership of the Soviets, in the conversion of their policy into an appendage of the bourgeois-landlord Provisional Government.
RSDLP (b) has launched large awareness among workers, aimed at exposing the counter-revolutionary nature of the Provisional Government and the compromising policy of the Mensheviks and Socialist parties. The treacherous policy of the Compromisers the Bolsheviks opposed the plan of struggle for the transition from the bourgeois-democratic revolution into the socialist revolution. The plan was outlined VI Lenin in the April Theses and adopted as the general party line. The main slogan of the party was the slogan: "All Power to the Soviets!". Bolshevik propaganda has found broad support among the people.
After the execution of the July demonstration in Petrograd dual power ended. The Mensheviks and Socialist-Revolutionaries openly took the side of the counter-revolution, all power passed into the hands of the bourgeois Provisional Government. It ended a peaceful period of the revolution, on the agenda the question was raised about the armed uprising. Since the Soviets, led by Mensheviks and SRs, slid into the camp of the bourgeoisie, the slogan "All Power to the Soviets" in the summer of 1917 has been temporarily removed. The Bolshevik Party went underground and began to prepare for an armed insurrection. in the course of an armed uprising was proclaimed VI Party Congress (b), takes place illegally in Petrograd from July 26 to August 3, 1917.
After the workers and revolutionary soldiers under the leadership of the Bolsheviks defeated the counterrevolutionary Kornilov revolt, and the proletarian masses of the soldiers were finally convinced that the Bolshevik Party was the only party that defends their interests. This fact was the basis for Bolshevisation Soviets. The party once again put forward the slogan "All Power to the Soviets!". But now it was the slogan of an armed uprising, the prerequisites for which have already matured.
In Russia, everywhere led by the Bolsheviks created the Red Guards. In October, the 62 cities across the country, there were up to 200 thousand. Red. The main forces were in Petrograd. In the second half of October, there were up to 23 thousand. Red ARMED. The Bolsheviks went PODAVLYAYUSCHSCHEE MAJORITY of the Petrograd workers and soldiers of the garrison and the sailors of the Baltic Fleet. Petrograd Bolshevik organization had in its ranks 50 th. Party members. "What a tremendous strength in the revolution - Lenin said. - Now the most important thing - it's manage it in such a way to win. "
But warned traitors Zinoviev and Kamenev interim government also mobilized military forces in an effort to get ahead of the performance of the proletariat. On the morning of October 24 the government issued an order to close the central organ of the Bolsheviks - the newspaper "Work Path." The building typography and editorial "Working path" Provisional Government had sent armored cars. Red Guards and revolutionary soldiers drove armored cars, and by 11 o'clock in the morning newspaper came out with an appeal to overthrow the Provisional Government. The uprising began in Petrograd.
October 24 night in Smolny (the seat of the Central Committee of the Bolsheviks) came VI Lenin immediately who took over the leadership of the uprising.
October 25 Red Guards and revolutionary troops occupied the railway stations, post and telegraph offices, ministries, the State Bank and other important objects of the capital.
In the evening of October 25 (7.11) in 1917 in the Smolny opened the II All-Russia Congress of Soviets, announced the transition of power in the hands of the Soviets. The congress adopted the historic decrees - the Decree on Peace, the Decree on Land, formed the first Soviet Government - the Council of People's Commissars. Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars was elected VI Lenin. At night, October 26 (8.11) was taken as the Winter Palace and arrested the ministers of the Provisional Government in session there.
Following the victory in the Petrograd Soviet power was established in Moscow and other cities. From October 1917 to January - February 1918 went on, as he wrote VI Lenin, "the triumphant march of Soviet power." Power was taken over the place, almost bloodless. H Parts Required to emphasize that in 79 out of 97 Russian cities, including Minsk, Soviet power was established by peaceful means, that, as already noted, was the result of the overwhelming superiority of the revolutionary forces. This was aided by the First World War, in which the capitalists are fighting for the division of the world, gripped the throat of each other, but because they could not seriously interfere in Russia's affairs. In addition, the Russian bourgeoisie was relatively weak, politically inexperienced and poorly organized and the first 8 months of his rule, did not have time to come to power. It is necessary to take into account the fact that during the October Revolution was headed by the working class of Russia, class, matured in a short time in two revolutions, has earned the trust of the people, who came in alliance with the poor peasantry, led by the Bolshevik Party, tested in political battles.
The main significance of the Great October Socialist Revolution is the first time in the history of the world victory of the proletariat, which overthrew the power of the capitalists and landlords, liquidated capitalism in the country, destroyed the exploitation of human, social and national oppression and able to start the construction of socialism. The October Revolution ushered in the era of socialist proletarian revolutions.
Lost power exploiting classes - the bourgeoisie and the landlords, unleashed a civil war in order to regain lost privileges and continue to further exploit the working people mercilessly. They came to the aid of their class brothers from abroad. 14 imperialist powers launched a military intervention against the young Soviet Republic.
In the crucible of the civil war was born, she is hardened and formed a powerful Red Army, the future Soviet armed forces of great power.
" Never win of the people - stressed Lenin - in which the workers and peasants for the most part learned, feel and see that they are defending their own Soviet power - the power of the working people that defend the case victory which they and their children will provide the opportunity to enjoy all the benefits of culture, all creations of human labor "(PSS, t. 38, p. 315).
After defeating the White Army that protected the old order, and expelling the interventionist troops, our country has begun to peaceful socialist construction.
December 30, 1922 will of the peoples of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was established - a voluntary union of equal and fraternal nations and states.
After the death of Lenin All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) headed by a faithful disciple and closest associate of the leader Iosif Vissarionovich Stalin.
Under the leadership of Stalin, the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks), was made the country's industrialization, collectivization of agriculture, the Cultural Revolution, during which it was done away with private property and the exploitation of man by man. By the mid-30s were built the foundations of socialism in the USSR. The victory of socialism has been enshrined in the Constitution of the USSR, adopted on 5 December 1936 and rightfully bears the name of Stalin.
By the end of the 30s the Soviet Union just 15 years (by 1925 the economy of the Soviet Union came to the pre-war level in 1913) caught up with and surpassed the most developed capitalist powers and its economic potential, has turned into a superpower, becoming the 2nd economy in the world.
Extraordinary heroism and courage showed the Soviet people to defend their socialist homeland from the Nazi invasion. It was the Soviet Union played a decisive role in the defeat of fascism, grinding on their fronts, more than 70% of Nazi troops. "For the Motherland, for Stalin!" - this slogan of Soviet soldiers climbed to the attack on the bestial enemy.
The Soviet Union suffered and the greatest human and economic losses in the war, having put on the altar of Victory 27 million of its sons and daughters. But after 4 years - despite the malevolence of enemies and enemies that the Soviet Union allegedly take several decades to lick the wounds of war, - the national economy of the USSR was restored. The Soviet Union went confident step forward, laying the foundation for the gradual transition from socialism to communism.
Questions transition to communist construction were considered outstanding work IV Stalin's "Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR". At the forefront while a further gradual reduction and, ultimately, the destruction of commodity production and commodity-money relations was delivered. " We, Marxists, adhere to the Marxist view that the transition from socialism to communism and the communist principle of distribution of products according to needs preclude all commodity exchange, therefore, and the transformation of products into commodities, and at the same time and their conversion into value '( JV Stalin, Vol., T.16, p. 222).
However, the death of the leader interrupted the further advancement forward.
IV Stalin walked firmly along the Leninist path. IN AND. Lenin created an organization of revolutionaries, and Nikita Khrushchev began the process of its destruction.
Anti-Stalinism unleashed petty-bourgeois grouping neotrotskistskoy Khrushchev, came to power in the party and the country after the death of Stalin, and openly proclaimed at the Twentieth Party Congress, interrupted by the onward march of development. The country began to gradually give up their positions in the struggle against imperialism. In the Brezhnev period of anti-Stalinism it was somewhat muted, but he continued his devastating effect in the economy, politics, ideology, party, and state-building.
The transformation of the party of the proletarian vanguard of the party "all the people", the rejection of the dictatorship of the proletariat and the replacement of its so-called "people's state", the rejection of Stalin's policy of annual decline in prices of essential commodities and basic food products on the basis of sustained and rapid development of the socialist economy, expanding the scope of commodity-money relations instead of narrowing it, as recommended by Stalin and that is the most important position of Marxism-Leninism - all this, as well as other anti-Stalinist (and wo respectively, anti-Leninist, anti-Marxist) actions and steps that led, ultimately, to the degeneration of the Communist Party and the Soviet state, and contributed to the formation of treacherous Gorbachev leadership. One reason for this degeneration is that the fields of the Great Patriotic War lay color All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks). 4 million or more than 51% of all those who fought the Communists (slightly less than half of the number of irretrievable losses of servicemen) , the best of the best, gave their lives for freedom and independence of our Soviet Motherland, for the salvation of mankind from the threat of Hitler's tyranny.
Under the guise of reconstruction under the leadership of Gorbachova I K °, the bourgeois counter-revolution has been carried out in our country. The Soviet Union was broken and treacherously destroyed socialism in the USSR and the People's Democracies in Eastern Europe suffered a temporary defeat.
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It should be noted that the construction of socialism in the Soviet Union took place in the fierce class struggle.
The civil war and foreign military intervention; sabotage in the industry; fierce resistance kulaks during collectivization, which was poured into killing party, government and YCL activists, pits and grain burning, destruction of agricultural equipment and implements, massive destruction of livestock, leading to a dramatic reduction of his livestock, etc. - all these hindered our progress forward.
IV Stalin said: " There has never been and will not be to the obsolescent classes voluntarily handed over their positions without trying to organize resistance. It never was and never will be to promote the working class for socialism in class society could do without struggle and turmoil. On the contrary, progress towards socialism can not but lead to the resistance of the exploiting elements of the promotion and the resistance of the exploiters can not but lead to the inevitable sharpening of the class struggle. That is why it is impossible to lull the working class by talking about the secondary role of the class struggle . "(Works, t.11 p.172).
The views expressed hostile class elements in the party Trotskyists Bukharinites, Zinoviev and other anti-party groups that merged into a single anti-party anti-state bloc of Rights and Trotskyites, and were severely punished by the Soviet authorities for anti-state activities.
As noted in the "Short Course History of the CPSU (b)": " Trials have found that the Trotsky-Bukharin fiends, fulfilling the will of their masters - the foreign bourgeois intelligence services, were aimed to the destruction of the Party and the Soviet state, the country's defense undermining, relief of foreign military intervention , preparation of the defeat of the Red army, the dismemberment of the USSR, the Japanese out of the Soviet Primorye out the Poles Soviet Belarus, the Germans out of Soviet Ukraine, the destruction of the gains of the workers and farmers, capital recovery slavery-Terrorism in the USSR "(OGIZ, Gospolitizdat 1945, pp. 331-332). It is these insidious plans of the Trotsky-Bukharin anti-Soviet and traitors and managed to realize the Gorbachev leadership.
All the anti-Party anti-Soviet elements in their work enjoyed great support of foreign countries. The imperialist governments of the major Western countries for a minute did not stop the struggle against Soviet power, trying at all costs to destroy the world's first multinational state of workers and peasants that just by its very existence, by example, a grand success in building a new socialist society has an enormous impact on the working masses all over the world.
Government and major capitalist monopolies and the banks of the USA, England, France, in the hands of the Zionist capital, had a huge financial and economic assistance to the fascist regime in Germany to restore destroyed during the First World War, the economy, for the revival of the German armed forces have done everything to incite Hitler's Germany on the Soviet Union and Nazi hands to strangle our country. The heroic struggle of the Soviet people, its mighty Soviet Army did not allow it to come true insidious plans.
After the victory in the Great Patriotic War and the Second World War over German fascism and Japanese militarism, socialism went beyond a single country. It formed the world socialist system, which included the countries of people's democracy in Eastern Europe, as well as the Peoples Republic of China, the DPRK, the socialist Vietnam and Laos in Asia. In 1959, the victory of the socialist revolution in Cuba.
However, the negative processes in the Communist Party, could not help but reflect on the state of the world communist movement, on the relationship between the socialist countries. For refusal of life-tested and passed rigorous military trials school Leninist-Stalinist way of building and defending the gains of socialism, the CPSU Khrushchev was severely criticized by the Chinese comrades, as well as some of the other communist parties.
Relations between the CPSU and the CPC, the USSR and China, has come down to direct military confrontations, there were only the hands of world imperialism. Here anti-Stalinist policy of Khrushchev's leadership has played a very negative role.
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Now in the world until the reigns supreme Zionist-American capital. Although recent events have shown that it begins to take their positions. This leads to the agony of American imperialism, fraught for humanity increases the danger of war.
The islets were only socialism in North Korea and Cuba, who proudly carry the banner of socialism undefeated on the planet. However, the path of socialist transformation is now followed by Venezuela and Bolivia, and in a number of capitalist countries (Colombia, the Philippines and others.) The activities of armed forces of the people, the leadership in the fight against the revolutionary theories of Marx, VI Lenin, Che Guevara. The sympathies of the oppressed working people to socialism could not be destroyed along with the destruction of the USSR.
Meanwhile, the world of capital increasingly immersed in an acute financial and economic crisis. Crises are by their very nature inherent in capitalism, especially at its highest imperialist stage and are a reflection of an increasingly insoluble and deepening the contradictions between the social character of production and the private capitalist form of appropriation of the results of labor. This was written Karl Marks and Friedrich Engels even in the "Communist Manifesto": " For several decades, the history of industry and commerce is but the history of the revolt of modern productive forces against modern conditions of production, against the property relations that are the conditions of existence of the bourgeoisie and its domination. It is enough to mention the commercial crises that by their periodical return, more and more menacing question the existence of the entire bourgeois society "(" Communist Manifesto ", Moscow, Politizdat, 1987, p.31).
And as usual, the imperialists are looking for a way out of the crisis in the ways of unleashing newer and newer wars and violent conflicts. Only in the last 26 years (since the destruction of the World Socialist System), the US-NATO predators committed acts of military aggression against Yugoslavia, Afghanistan, Iraq, bombed Libya, sparked a civil war in Syria, more and more, along with its closest ally of Israel, stir up the situation around Iran.
At the same time pursue only one goal - to capture new sources of natural resources and raw materials, especially oil, turning workers countries subjected to aggression in cheap labor for transnational corporations and, thereby, the extension of its worthless inhuman existence. The main object of attacks Zionist-American imperialism remains Russia with its vast territory, untold natural resources, oil and gas storage rooms, cheap and still enough skilled labor. Conquer Russia and its people to turn into powerless slaves TNC and TNB - a cherished goal of the current "owners of the world." In achieving this goal, they openly assist the bourgeois governments of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Ukraine, Moldova, Georgia, and in varying degrees of other former Soviet republics, the conductive anti-national policy in the interests of the US and NATO.
Stop presumptuous predators that his reckless policies can destroy all of humanity - the duty of all freedom-loving peoples of the world, the international working class and the toiling masses, all those who are fighting against the omnipotence of capital, for the fact that the real master of the world became the working man - a creator of wealth and civilization advances .
On the stage of history as a century ago, by the course of historical development, put forward the working class and the laboring masses of Russia and other republics of the Soviet counter-revolution exploded.
Revive our great Soviet homeland - the most important task of all revolutionary communists of all fighters against imperialism and for the triumph of the ideals of socialism and communism and the victory of labor over the yoke of Capital.
Long live the Great October Socialist Revolution!
Down with the power of capital!
Revive our great motherland - the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics!
No matter how hard today - we are sure to win, because the laws of history working for socialism!
AUCPB Bureau of the Central Committee of Belarus and the Kaliningrad region
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