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ALL-UNION COMMUNIST PARTY OF BOLSHEVIKS (AUCPB) ВКПБ
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No 05 (86) MAY 2010
CONGRATULATIONS ON MAYDAY DEAR FRIENDS!
Dear friends and supporters in our country and abroad!
The Central Committee of the AUCPB congratulates you on the May 1, the day of international solidarity of workers of all countries, on the Day of the freedom struggle of peoples for their independence against the threats of a new, all-destroying, now nuclear war. We wish you all good health and success in our common struggle against bestial predatory U.S. imperialism. We wish you success in our common struggle for a world without war, a free and independent choice of each sovereign nation, every people to build their state without orders from the U.S.. We wish you success in the struggle for independence and real democracy, not democracy of moneybags.
Today we are living in a very tense time when the U.S. and its ruling Zionist lobby, maddened by permissiveness and excess of always printable blank dollars, which buy everything and everyone, from the U.S. not serviced at all by the gold reserves of the U.S. (ie, empty wrappers), can afford, coupled with kowtowing to the imperialist governments in Europe and the Russian Federation, including acquiescence to the world beyond the aggressive imperialist policy of world conquest robbery. The government of Russia is constantly in a state of desire to spare the rulers of the United States, prepared to lick their heels with delight as a creeping vassal, having given up the country of socialism and the Soviet people to the evil empire - the United States. On March 30, flunkey Dmitry Medvedev, signed a decree on Russia's accession to the UN Security Council sanctions against the DPRK.
The new policy of U.S. military doctrine gives them free hands and justifies the need for "preemptive nuclear strike against North Korea and Iran, who do not want to live under the dictate of the U.S.. Dazed from power, the madmen in the U.S. - the shadow ruling Zionist Committee - would destroy the entire world and civilization itself, forgetting that on the ashy ground from nuclear explosions, there will not be any life left. And they themselves could not be saved in their present-day bunkers from those same terrible weapons.
We call on all freedom-loving peoples to rise up against American imperialism and evil everywhere firmly and strongly oppose it.
Long live May 1 - Day of struggle against U.S. evil imperialism, for peace and security, for free labour and prosperity on our beautiful planet Earth!
CC AUCPB
8 April 2010.
OPINION BY THE CC AUCPB ON THE TERRORIST ATTACKS IN MOSCOW ON MARCH 29, 2010
Early on the morning of March 29, 2010 the Moscow subway shuddered from two explosions that killed 40 people. About a hundred passengers were injured with varying degrees of severity. Many of those injured ended up in intensive care in Moscow clinics.
First, we express our deepest condolences to the families of those who died in the Moscow subway, as well as those who were injured, and those who survived this horror.
World public opinion was agitated because the explosions sounded in the very centre of Moscow, a zone of control of the Russian political elite, well-guarded by the secret services. The nature of the explosion in the Moscow subway clearly indicates a "Caucasian trace". The "Caucasian trace" - is, of course, the recent war in Chechnya, the main reason for the attacks the official Russian government announced as being "national extremism” in the Caucasus. The real cause of the war in Chechnya was and remains over the sharing of oil. The Chechen war lasted as long as this very oil was not shared under conditions acceptable to the Russian oligarchy. But these conditions for sharing the oil on the world stage has satisfied by far not everyone and this has been shown by the explosions in Moscow, Kizlyar and ...
As we know the fight against crime can only succeed if its causes are established and the soil for its appearance removed. But judging by the results of the investigation into the cause of the explosions in the subway, the authorities have not done this. The Russian authorities prefer to talk about "terrorism" and not a word about oil. Why?
All the wars and ethnic conflicts in the world today arise from the fierce competitive struggle of the imperialist transnational corporations and banks to obtain maximum profits and super-profits on account of the division of sources of profit by the world's TNC-s and TNB-s etc, primarily American. Now, the main source of income is energy, with priority on the share of oil in them. Therefore, modern wars are fought for the direct sources of profits of the world business sharks under the banner of the struggle for "human rights" wherever there is oil. And if these energy sources can not be seized without a ordeal, the situation in the region is artificially destabilized, and "tyrants" are declared who must be removed from power. Western media immediately raises hysteria about a wave of "political terrorism", which should be "stopped". The situation is resolved either in the interests of the masses, as it was with the oil in Venezuela, or in the interests of the West, as it was with the oil of Iraq. If at turning points, the local progressive forces see the future of their country with themselves in control of their own oil, then the energy serves the broadest masses. However, if the turning point in some region of the world is an unfolding struggle for "human rights" and this be named the fight against "terrorism" and "extremism", in that region reigns the power of capital, ie, international imperialism.
Today the Islamic world is divided in relation to oil. At opposite poles lined up is pro-American Saudi Arabia with its feudal despotism, and the Islamic revolution in Iran with its bourgeoisie aiming to seize power. At one extreme - the complete subordination to the United States, and on the other - total rejection of the United States. And between them - the Palestinian revolution, in which the struggle for their own independent state is sometimes supported by Saudi sheikhs with their oil revenues. It is on these petrodollars that appeared the first suicide bombers blowing themselves up together with Zionists, in order to achieve in such a way, the building of their own state. Semi-literate people are used in the political struggle for oil, by those very same forces – the kings of the oil business, who pay pre-guaranteed economic support to families of suicide bombers in the form of dollars coming from the sheikhs. People are forced to become suicide bombers by extreme poverty in which they live with their families. Grinding poverty is the result of the complete destruction of the infrastructure, physical and social, as a result of imperialist wars in the region in the struggle for energy resources.
D. Dudayev was the originator of the policy of Wahhabism in the Caucasus when still a Soviet General, delivered to the leadership of the Chechen republic under Gorbachev. As Chechnya has oil and the country is in the Caucasus, the question of trade in this oil was solved with general-style simplicity, i.e. through military conquest. But the military operations were launched only in 1994, after the execution of the House of Soviets in Moscow by the Russian army in 1993. Moscow failed to agree with Dudayev on the division of oil, and besides, he was regarded as a passing figure, so was quickly removed physically. But other leaders in Chechnya began to gain "corridors for passage", since they were needed as representatives of the Republic in determining quotas for trade in oil. The results of the first war in Chechnya failed to allow the parties to agree, so they needed a second war, which in 1999 flared up again to get rid of the unruly Chechens, and find new ones capable of negotiating. By that time, many Chechens were pretty sick of war and so they opted for peace, led by their Islamic leader Kadyrov, on terms acceptable to the Russian oligarchy. After that, the Chechen capital, Grozny, destroyed by Russian forces was once again rebuilt with the help of Russia, and the population began to depart from the horrors of war.
But not everyone in the world was in agreement with the results of this redistribution of Chechen oil. Above all, the official U.S. circles traditionally supported by the West remained dissatisfied with this. Their desire to reorient the Chechen oil towards control by the submissive sheikhs of Saudi Arabia was not satisfied. Therefore, there was an increased influx of Wahhabis into Chechnya's neighbouring Muslim republics of the Caucasus. And the bombing of the Nevsky Express train (Moscow - Saint-Petersburg) on 27 November 2009 (26 deaths) was expected. Then on Feb. 2, 2010, that was followed by the bomb exploded under railway technical inspector’s engine in front of one of the largest energy objects in St. Petersburg. Russian officials immediately saw the PR campaign in action on the bombing of the engine. Therefore, because of this that quickly closed all the corridors for the passage of Wahhabis in the Caucasus (we can assume that the Russian authorities had the means to repurchase the Wahhabis, but as usual, miscalculated) . The militants began to be physically removed. The number of dead at times reached a dozen. The response of militants was expected. Their masters rapidly expanded the war zone from the Caucasus region to the Moscow metro, living on those same US generous donations. What is the conclusion of all this?
The Wahhabis, Bin Ladens, al-Qaeda and other Taliban are waging a "relentless struggle" with the U.S., and in fact, as in the famous "Nanai struggle”, play an important and well-controlled role for the U.S. in destabilizing the political situation in the Middle East and surrounding regions, enabling the United States under the slogan of "democracy" and "human rights" to destroy unwanted national regimes, and take possession of the national, first of all - oil, resources in these countries, under the guise of fighting "Islamic terrorism" pumping up muscles for power domination of the United States as only world power.
In the corps de ballet "fifth column" of imperialism, Russia is doomed to further collapse, the way out of which is possible only through socialist revolution. The collapse is dictated by dollar policy, which transforms the Russian industrial capacity in the likeness of a serf in the service of the economic interests of the overseas master. Hence the fight against "terrorism", the centres formed by the regime "to counter extremism" (the infamous "E Centres") mainly engaged in the suppression of legitimate protest of citizens robbed by the oligarchic regime. Attempts to further limit the rights of citizens under the guise of "combating terrorism”, the strengthening of the role of security forces actually means strengthening police powers of the State against its own people. Terrorist acts themselves, in fact, contribute to the division of society, fueling ethnic conflicts which benefit the ruling oligarchy.
The collapse of the country goes unnoticed, but its impact is much more powerful than those explosions which rang out in the Moscow underground. The only difference is that the bombers in the subway acted within the narrow confines of destruction within the explosion, but the authorities, together with the ruling mafia oligarchs destroy a much more and less noticeable. But the dollar performing the mission of saving the U.S. economy from sinking into crisis is driving others to destruction.
Ending terrorism in Russia and throughout the Soviet Union, can only be done by destroying the power of capital and restoring workers' and peasants Soviet power, and reviving our great Soviet Motherland.
End terrorism in the world can only be done by destroying its true source, the cause of all wars on Earth - imperialism.
The historic mission of the modern working class is the destruction of imperialism, the last exploiting system on Earth.
The two bombings in Moscow were just another check mark indicating the direction of movement to a total collapse of the ruling bourgeois regime in Russia.
CC AUCPB
03/04/2010
SOCIAL STRUGGLES
Social movements: the experience of interaction
Along with the workers and trade union movement who are now in a position to rise in the wake of economic crisis, starting in 2005, so-called "social movements" are also growing stronger in the country. Social movements – come about for the struggle to protect citizens social rights - constitutional, social, employment, housing, environmental, pension, student and other rights.
It is a struggle of urban residents and environmentalists against dense building projects, against cutting down squares, parks and forests, for the preservation of green areas of the city.
It is the struggle by residents of homes for direct management and homeowners’ associations (TSG-s), for major repairs of homes, against the tyranny of management companies and monopolies.
It is the struggle by residents of hostels for the privatization of their homes they earned and for their constitutional right to tenure.
This struggle by defrauded real estate investors for their housing, for return of their money on investment they had in frozen housing construction.
This struggle by pensioners for a decent pension, benefits and affordability of medicine, the struggle by people with disabilities for accessible treatment.
It is the struggle of small entrepreneurs and traders for the preservation of retail markets and their work.
This is a fight for the preservation of students' discount travel tickets, against the introduction of the EGE (Unified State Examination).
This is the struggle by "motorists" against the increase of import duties on foreign cars. Etc.
Today, in every city, in every region there are social movements. The problems they have are the same. Citizens unite in action groups, housing committees and councils (soviets) for the protection of their violated social rights.
The reason for the emergence and growth of social movements is the same as the worker and trade union movement - the capitalist exploitation of workers.
For example, construction companies, to maximize profits, are erecting office buildings and hotels in well-built central areas of the city, "compacting" housing or destroying gardens and parks, thereby worsening the environmental situation in the city; management companies and city government is interfering with citizens in managing their own homes, in order to make it easier to dictate their high tariffs on public utilities and other services, residents of dormitories are denied the right to privatize their own homes they have bought, because "businessman" privatizing a factory at the time, "picked up" at the same time the hostel, along with residents; large trading capital "clears" the field for their activities - demolishing retail markets, depriving the small traders of work, etc.
Social movements in particular began to grow since January 2005, when "monetization" of benefits was introduced, which caused an outburst of indignation from pensioners across the country. Since then, attempts have been made to institutionalize the social movements, their associations and organizations. In many cities and regions appear solidarity committees / united actions, combining various citizens' initiatives, community organizations, alternative trade unions. Social Forums are held, at which take part representatives of various social movements seeking to develop a common program of action and demands, and to interact and exchange experiences.
For example, on 3 - 5 August 2007 in Novosibirsk, the IV Siberian Social Forum was held, which brought together 250 people from 32 regions of Russia. The social composition of the forum was fairly wide. It brought together representatives of alternative trade unions (Siberian Confederation of Labor, Siberian regional trade union center, Profsvoboda Surgutneftegaz, Sotsprof, "Defence of Labor", the Association of Trade Unions of Students FNL ", etc.), housing movement (" Tomsk dormitory "," Perm dormitory, direct Administration of Astrakhan, the Union of the house owners TSG "Novosibirsk, " Housing solidarity "of Moscow, TOSy, etc.), the environmental movement (Ekolager in Angarsk, the Green Party, the initiative group" Protect Forest town of Akademgorodok, and etc.), etc.
The forum was attended by over 12 regional committees of solidarity / single action ( "coordinating councils"), now united in the so-called Union of Coordinating Soviets of Russia (SCS). Today, these committees operate in Moscow, Izhevsk, Perm, St. Petersburg, Omsk, Tomsk, Tyumen, Astrakhan, Irkutsk, Kaliningrad, Togliatti, Voronezh, Samara, Novosibirsk, Ulyanovsk and other cities. In Novosibirsk, a Committee solidarity, which unites more than 15 public organizations.
However, these solidarity committees / united actions, as social forums do not have today a broad mass basis. Social movements are weak, have little to do with the workers and trade union movement. They fight primarily for their vital needs, for "property". Their fight does not go beyond the capitalist system, and is aimed only at partial improvements in their situation.
It must be borne in mind that the leadership of social forums and the current "Coordination Council" (with some exceptions) in our country are in the hands of petty-bourgeois elements. On social movements tend to ride various "helpers" to make political capital on this. Under pressure from the masses they have put forward radical slogans, calling for solidarity and self-organization of the masses to fight for their rights.
In Novosibirsk, wide experience of interaction with social movements has been gained. First of all - this is a struggle by defenders of Narym Square against its destruction and the struggle by residents of hostels of the SB RAS (Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences) for the privatization of housing bought by them. With our support, mass protests have repeatedly taken place. Thus, on 6 May 2008, residents of houses adjacent to the Narymsky park blocked Narymsky street. As a result - the construction was halted and litigation still continues to this day. Since 2006, the residents’ struggle of the SB RAS dormitories for their housing rights has continued. We provide them with legal and organizational assistance. We also provide support in the preparation and publication of newspapers "Protect Narymsky Square" and "Privatization of housing in the dormitories of the SB RAS".
The social composition of all these movements are very varied. Most of them - are simple workers, employees who are not in the enterprise, but at home facing violations of their social rights. And they are beginning to fight. This struggle of workers for their rights, we must maintain on the strongest possible terms, giving them full support.
However, among participants of social movements are a lot of the petty bourgeoisie, or people with a strong petty-bourgeois psychology, fighting for their position as small proprietors. These are small-scale traders of local markets that are being closed down, or are residents who are fighting for the privatization of home ownership or the establishment of homeowners' associations (TSG), or co-investors, who lost their invested money in an unfinished house, or small-time "motorist"- car dealers / speculators who live by reselling cars, etc. A large proportion of participants of social movements are imbued with private-property psychology - "fighting for their property" for their "crust".
In support of these categories of citizens in their struggle, it is necessary to explain them to the instability of their position under capitalism, and that a solution to their own vital problems, will not rid the further challenges that occur – and that the answer lies in the elimination of capitalist exploitation and the transition to socialism. Thus, residents of dormitories are fighting for the privatization of their home ownership. Having achieved this, they solved their particular problem - now they have a roof over their heads, they should not be thrown into the street, and have now calmed down. But the problems have not become any smaller. It is necessary to do major repairs of housing at their own expense, to pay property tax, and the future of the tenants in their dormitories – is hopeless. The same thing for small traders. They defended "their" market "their" store - and their situation is just as precarious and remains - the constant fear of being ruined.
Today, capital stamps on the social rights of citizens in all spheres of society. Social struggle is not only in factories. Capital for the sake of obtaining the maximum profit does everything – it cuts down forests and parks, pollutes the environment, deprives people of employment and their homes, takes away their past benefits that allow them to exist somehow, etc. To us, the Bolsheviks, it is necessary to actively participate in all organizations, where workers are fighting for their rights, including those in the above-mentioned social movements (with emphasis on labor and trade union movement), coordinating committees and social forums, helping workers to organize and unite in the fight for their social rights, helping them to experience their struggle to get rid of the petty-bourgeois illusions and gradually shifting their struggle for their basic rights over to the struggle for socialism.
Gregory Pavel'ev
STATEMENT BY CC AUCPB ON 98th ANNIVERSARY OF GREAT LEADER KIM IL SUNG
April 15, 1912, the Great Leader Comrade Kim Il Sung was born – a Great commander, founder of the DPRK, founder of WPK (Workers’ Party of Korea) and the KPA (Korean People's Army),.
This day is celebrated as the Day of the Sun. Under the leadership of Comrade Kim Il Sung on August 15, 1945, the country was liberated from Japanese colonial slavery and began construction of a new life. Under Kim Il-Sung, the first Socialist Constitution was adopted (27.12.1972) , guaranteeing citizens of the DPRK the right to work, rest, high-quality free medical care, housing and free education. Korea gained unlimited possibilities for the development of its five thousand years of Korean culture, whereas Japanese-slavery forced Japanese culture upon the Korean population. Everything Korean – including language, culture, and even Korean names was banned.
The socialist state very quickly developed its economy, built much housing for the citizens, opening universities, putting into practice broad health care. In a very short period of time North Korea made a giant step forward in its development as an independent sovereign state able to defend the gains of the Korean revolution, having taught a lesson to the U.S. aggressors during the Fatherland Liberation War (1950-1953), the US aggressors believing that the DPRK could be erased from the face of the Earth within a week. The military adventurism by the Americans with the involvement of the armed forces of 15 foreign imperialist powers ended in disgrace for America. The heroism of Korean soldiers, and the population of the DPRK has shown people around the world the strength of the newly born in 1948, socialist state. During the war, mass heroism was displayed by the soldiers and officers of the Korean People's Army – the successor of the People's Guerrilla Army, founded by Kim Il Sung on 25 April 1932. It became the base of the formation in the future of the Korean People's Revolutionary Army and then, as already mentioned, the Korean People's Army.
The great leader gave much strength to the issues of educating the young generation. On his initiative, the Mangendeskoe revolutionary school for children who lost parents during the struggle against the Japanese in the Fatherland Liberation War was founded. The result of the criminal U.S. policy, Korea liberated under the leadership of Great general Kim Il Sung, was divided on the 38 th parallel into two states. The artificial division of a single nation is of great pain to the Koreans and remains so to this day. The Great Leader made tremendous efforts to unite the nation, but against the wishes of the South Koreans because of the criminal policy of the United States, which is constantly attempting to destroy the DPRK, the issue of unification remains unresolved.
The great leader Comrade Kim Il Sung is very much focused on developing the international and national liberation movement, helping people, especially the African continent, free them selves from the shackles of imperialist countries that are plundering the natural resources of Africa, plunging its people into poverty and powerlessness.
On April 20, 1992 in Pyongyang, the signing of the Pyongyang Declaration took place by the representatives of national liberation and communist movements of the world under the slogan - "Let us defend and advance the cause of socialism" .. The Pyongyang Declaration gave a second breath to the socialist future of civilization in the most complex, darkest pages of history, during the collapse of the Soviet Union during the orgy of anti-Communist hysteria and the overthrow of everything connected with communist ideology. The Pyongyang Declaration became the torch of progressive nations of the world struggle for liberation from imperialist slavery.
This torch lit in April 1992 brighter and brighter flared up in the hands of his successor - Kim Jong Il, who in practice has demonstrated to the entire world the enormous benefits of the socialist system in comparison with the rotten system of imperialism, which has brought civilization to the brink of disaster
The name of the Great Leader has been forever inscribed in the history of world civilization as an outstanding revolutionary, a talented military leader, a wise strategist and practitioner of building a socialist state under siege, as an unyielding champion of the independence and autonomy of people who have chosen their own historical development.
Great credit to Kim Il Sung is the fact that he could prepare himself a worthy replacement in the face of a true successor to the cause of building socialism, a talented statesman, a versatile, educated and highly intellectual politician, thanks to the activities of which little Korea is now known by the whole world. Kim Il Sung, trained the leader of the DPRK not only competently and clearly puts the problems of supercomplexity of accelerated socialist construction, but also successfully resolves them. In the modern world today there is NO politician equal to Kim Jong Il.
On April 9, 1993 The Great Leader Comrade Kim Jong Il was appointed as the Chairman of the National Defence Commission of the DPRK. The result of this post, was the establishment since the beginning of 1995, of Songun as the state policy of the DPRK. In the most difficult period for the DPRK from 1995-2000, during the repeated from year to year devastating natural disasters and the unprecedented pressure on the DPRK by the embittered imperialist world led by the U.S., Songun politics ensured the rapid growth of the economy, and therefore – the increase in the welfare of the people. Songun significantly raised the prestige of the army not only to defend the Fatherland, but also in socialist construction. Today, in no country of the world has there been such a strong housing construction, recovery in agricultural production, such a rapid development of the industrial energy base, as is the case in the DPRK. Kim Jong Il is able to attract the masses, to raise them to carry out heroic feats in the name of the glory of the motherland and prosperity of the people. He himself works a lot, he knows everything and therefore people are willing to sacrifice for him.
In these difficult days for the DPRK because of the regular military and informational provocation from the U.S., we Bolsheviks firmly believe in the success of the cause of the Korean revolution, the success of building a prosperous socialist state of the DPRK and sincerely wish the friendly people great success in their glorious deeds.
CC AUCPB
(Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks)
THE REVOLUTIONARY, COMMANDER AND SCIENTIST
125th Anniversary of the birth of Mikhail Frunze
February 2 this year marked 125 years (1885) since the birth of Mikhail Vasilyevich Frunze - the prominent Bolshevik, a talented military leader and organizer of the Red Army, a major military theorist.
Immediately after the October Revolution before the young socialist state of workers and peasants, faced a daunting task of defending the gains of October from internal and external counter-revolution. Revolution had overthrown the classes of capitalists and landlords with the forces of international capital who were organizing an armed struggle to overthrow the government of workers and peasants and restore its domination. To repel the raised head of counter-revolution, the workers and peasants, led by the Bolshevik Party, created their own Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army - an army of working people, a reliable defender of the socialist country against the encroachments of his class enemies.
The heroic era of the civil war put forward prominent commanders. Among them was M.V. Frunze, a professional revolutionary, a Bolshevik, a member of the RSDLP since 1904. Not having special military training, Frunze during the Civil War proved himself as a talented leader and organizer of the Red Army, whose leadership talent played a decisive role in defeating the armies of Kolchak and Wrangel. After the civil war, Frunze, who was appointed senior military posts of the Soviet Republic, was initiating a reorganization of the Red Army in the light of the challenges that confronted the socialist state.
M.V. Frunze was not only a Bolshevik and commander, but also a major military theorist, scientist. On his account are large military-theoretica l works, summarizing the experience of two wars, especially the Civil War, and laid the foundations of Soviet military science.
Mikhail Frunze was born in Pishpek (in the Soviet Union - the city of Frunze was the capital of the Kirgiz SSR, and now Bishkek) in a family of a medical practitioner. In 1904, Frunze moved to St. Petersburg and entered the Polytechnic Institute, where he joined the Bolsheviks. Since then, Frunze became a professional revolutionary.
At the end of 1904 for taking part in a demonstration, Frunze arrested and expelled from St. Petersburg. Frunze was sent to the Ivanovo-Voznesensky textile district - in Ivanovo-Voznesensk and Shua, which carries a lot of work out with the workers of the textile industry. In 1905, Frunze was one of the largest organizers of the May political strike of Ivanovo-Voznesensk. In December 1905, Frunze was a participant in the December armed uprising in Moscow. In March 1906, Frunze was a Delegate of the VI Party Congress.
Upon returning to Shuya, Frunze was arrested and jailed. Then began the hard years in prison and hard labor. In 1909, Frunze, was sentenced to death, commuted to 6 years of hard labor. At the end of 1914, Frunze, was released from prison and exiled to penal servitude for life exile in Siberia. In prison and exile Frunze deeply studied military history and the theory of military art. Exiled to the village Manzurki Irkutsk province, Frunze formed a circle for the study of military affairs. However, the circle was closed, and Frunze again arrested and imprisoned. In 1915, Frunze escaped from prison.
During the First World War, Frunze was sent by the Bolshevik Party to the Western Front, where they created an underground Bolshevik organization in the center of Minsk and with offices in the 3 rd and 10 th Armies. After the VI Party Congress, Frunze was sent to Shuya, where he was elected chairman of Workers', Soldiers' and Peasants' Deputies. In the days of the Kornilov revolt, Frunze stood at the head of staff of the revolutionary forces of the Minsk area. In the days of October, Frunze, forming a detachment of units of the garrison and workers fighting squads, was sent to Moscow, where he participated in an armed uprising.
After October Frunze went to Ivanovo-Voznesensk province. In July 1918, Frunze took an active part in suppressing the Left Socialist-Revolutio nary revolt in Yaroslavl and is appointed military commissioner of the Yaroslavl military district, which conducted extensive work on the organization of the Red Army.
This was the path of revolutionary Frunze before his commander activity. "... A miracle it may seem - recalled Voroshilov - that yesterday's ex-convict, a hunted fugitive and exile becomes ... an exemplary military organizer in the post of Yaroslavl district commissioner ..."
Frunze’s military leadership activities began in late 1918 at the Eastern Front.
At this time the position of the Soviet republic became threatened. Admiral Kolchak moved his army to Moscow. On December 24, the city of Perm fell. To strengthen the Eastern Front, Frunze was appointed Commander of the 4-th Red Army. In April 1919, when Kolchak threatened to take Kazan, Simbirsk and Samara, on the orders of Lenin, Frunze was appointed commander of Army Group of the South Eastern front in the 1-st, 4 th, 5 th and Turkestan armies. The Party Central Committee, despite opposition from Trotsky, adopts Frunze’s plan to defeat the main group of troops of Kolchak: to build a powerful striking force in the area of Buzuluk, so that by changing over to a strong offensive, strike hard into the left flank of the enemy and throw him to the north.
In this brilliant operation conducted by the Southern Group of troops, having launched a counter-offensive of the Eastern Front and the defeat of Kolchak's army, this vividly revealed the features of the new military strategy forged in the battles of the Red Army. The flank attack by Frunze entered the history of the Red Army as one of the most brilliant pages of the civil war. Frunze demonstrated an example of a bold maneuver against a numerically superior enemy.
The departure of Kolchak's armies into Siberia and Turkestan led to a split in the forces of the Eastern Front – into the Eastern and Turkestan fronts. Frunze was appointed commander of the Turkistan Front. Under the leadership of Frunze, the Cossack White Army of Belov was liquidated departing to the Turgai steppe.
Frunze arrived in Tashkent on Feb. 22, 1920. In Turkestan, bands of Bassmachis and the Bukharist Emir were operating, supported by British imperialists. Frunze developed and implemented a successful operation to eliminate the Bassmachis bands and freeing Bukhara from the power of the Emir. Central Asia was liberated.
Spring 1920 brought a new ordeal to the Soviet republic. The Andante threw against the Soviet Union the Polish gentry and Wrangel. Frunze was urgently summoned to Moscow from Turkestan. By order of Lenin, Frunze took command of the Southern Front. In the shortest period of time, October-November 1920, the Wrangelite troops were defeated and the Crimea liberated.
From November 1920, Frunze worked in Ukraine. Under his leadership, Makhno and Tyutyunik bands were eliminated.
Frunze was a commander of a new type. With outstanding qualities, Frunze, as a commander, had the ability to correctly identify the direction of the main blow, to choose the time of its application, to implement the concentration of forces and means in the direction of the main assault at the expense of weakening secondary directions. Operations carried out by the Red Army led by Frunze, were intended to utterly defeat the enemy and differed in their very own originality and creative nature.
Frunze was a major military theorist. Some of his outstanding works were: "Unified Military Doctrine and the Red Army" (1921), "Military and political education of the Red Army" (1922), "Front and Rear in Future War" (1924), "European civilisers and Morocco" (1925) , "Lenin and the Red Army" (1925) and others. An important place in these works occupy conclusions on lessons learned from the First World War and, in particular, the rich experience of the Civil War. Frunze is one of the founders of Soviet military science. The most relevant and vital were his remarks on military strategy and tactics, military training, discipline and political indoctrination, the nature of future war and the role of technology, front and rear, and other issues.
From 1924, Frunze was a candidate member of Politburo of the party. In March 1924, Frunze was Deputy chairman of the USSR Revolutionary Military Council and the Deputy People's Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs, and from April, in addition, performed the duties of the Chief of Staff of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army and the Chief of the Military Academy. During this period, Frunze was working hard to reorganize and build the Red Army to improve its combat capability, discipline, military-theoretica l and political level of commanders and soldiers, etc. In January 1925, Frunze was appointed Chairman of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR and the People's Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs.
For distinguished service to the Motherland during the Civil War and for his bravery and heroism, M.V. Frunze was awarded two Orders of the Red Banner and honorable revolutionary weapon - a sword with the inscription "To People's Hero Mikhail Vasilyevich Frunze. All-Union Central Executive Committee of the RSFSR.
On October 31, 1925 the noble heart of Bolshevik commander Frunze stopped beating. Frunze died very young - at 40 years old. The Soviet people lost one of its best sons.
"... In the person of Comrade Frunze, we have lost one of the cleanest, most honest and most fearless revolutionaries of our time. The party has lost in Comrade Frunze, one of the most trusted and most disciplined of their leaders. The Soviet government has lost in Comrade Frunze, one of the boldest and the most levelheaded builders of our country and our state. The Army lost in Comrade Frunze, one of the most beloved and respected leaders and creators.” J.V. Stalin.
A.V. Denisyuk
MILITARY-THEORETICA L THOUGHTS OF M.V. FRUNZE
….all the military affairs of a given state, up to and including training, on the basis of which are constructed its armed forces, are a reflection of the entire structure of its life, and, in the final analysis, its economic way of life, as a first source of all its strength and resources. (M.V. Frunze. Selected works, M., 1940, p.25).
"When unrivaled enemies clash, a successful outcome cannot be achieved in one blow. The war will take on the character of a long and brutal contest, subjecting all economic and political resources of the warring sides to a brutal test "(ibid., p.69-70).
"... Typical for a future war, I think will be its comprehensive decisive character... It will be a war between two different, mutually exclusive social, political and economic systems" (ibid., p.57).
"... This contradiction, once it starts being resolve by military means, will lead to a severe, extreme and most likely long-drawn-out clash" (ibid., p.57).
“….the need to prepare for a long and difficult war is still obligatory for us. (ibid., p.70).
"……the one who wins is the one who finds in himself the decisiveness to attack; the side which only defends is inevitably headed for defeat." (ibid., p.31).
From this follows the necessity of educating our army in the spirit of greatest activity, to prepare it for the completion of revolutionary tasks via energetically, decisively, and bravely conducted offensive operations. (ibid., p.32).
The first and most important of them is the preparation and training of our army in the spirit of maneuver operations on a grand scale. (ibid., p.32).
Our officer [commander] corps must be trained primarily in the ideas of maneuverability, and the entire mass of the Red Army must be taught the art of quickly and methodically carrying out march-maneuvers. (ibid., p.33).
"... great maneuverability and great mobility of all military operations. .. the formation of shock massive fists ... seek a solution by energetic offensive operations" (ibid., p.44).
"... The Red Army, preparing for the next war, should especially cultivate its maneuverability quality" (ibid., p.47).
"... The primary, predominant character of our future operations will be maneuverability" (ibid., p.48).
"But at the same time this same maneuverability will require extensive and complete familiarity with positional forms of warfare" (ibid., p.48).
"Another point, characterizing actions of the Red Army is their offensive operations" (ibid., p.49).
"... We must choose the most sensitive point in the location of the enemy and at this point to focus our main strike force" (ibid., p.99).
"... Attack is the best form of defense" (ibid., p.49).
"I maintain that attack and assault under equal conditions is always more beneficial than defense" (ibid., p.51).
"A situation may always be created in which retreat is inevitable or even necessary and useful ... Retreat is like one of the moments in the general course of offensive operations" (ibid., p.51).
"A retreat may be necessary in order to create a better environment for the preparation of a new and decisive attack" (ibid., p.51).
"... Technology will play an enormous role in the fields of future battles. With the development of aviation, chemistry, radio, vast opportunities will be thus opened in this respect"(ibid., p.58).
Future war largely if not entirely, will be a war of machines" (ibid., p.58).
"War in the air, and chemical warfare will largely decide the fate of future conflicts" (ibid., p.88).
"We will have to say that after all, the decisive role belongs not to technology - behind technology always stands a living person, without which the technology is dead" (ibid., p.61).
"... Knowledge of the terrain, much stamina, great consistency and, mainly, strong ethics, ability and willingness to endure great hardships and make heroic sacrifices" (ibid., p.61).
"... One number, discipline, valor and military training are still not enough. We must have an army, armed with the latest modern technology ... "(ibid., p.156).
"... We must put the army in such conditions so that it is knows all the new weapons of destruction" (ibid., p.160).
"... All the armed Soviet people will make the army of wartime, and which will be the true Red Army," (ibid., p.62).
"..." In war it is the side that will win that has the stronger nerves, and this is the proper evaluation and correct idea. But strength of nerves is determined by strength in general and the rear in the first place – in the stability of its economy" (ibid., p.59).
“The life and work of the front at each moment is determined by the work and the state of the rear. And in this sense, the center of gravity of war has shifted from the front to the back - into the rear "(ibid., p.70).
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